Sao Paulo/Curitiba, Brazil | Reuters — Brazilian police raided the premises of global meatpacking companies JBS SA and BRF SA on Friday, as well as dozens of smaller rivals, in a crackdown on alleged bribery of health officials that could threaten US$12 billion in annual exports.

The probe, known as “Operation Weak Flesh,” found evidence of meatpackers bribing inspectors and politicians to overlook unsanitary practices such as processing rotten meat and shipping exports with traces of salmonella, police said.

Police investigator Mauricio Moscardi Grillo said there was evidence of some companies manipulating certificates for meat exports to European markets, raising the risk of foreign restrictions on Brazil’s powerhouse protein industry.

“We’ve never seen a scandal like this in the sector… It’s horrifying,” said Alex Silva, a livestock analyst with Scot Consultoria. “This stains the entire system that Brazil has spent years building.”

Brazil exported $6.9 billion of poultry and $5.5 billion of beef last year, according to industry groups, as producers ramped up shipments to China and started sending raw beef to the U.S. (all figures US$).

Shares of JBS and BRF plunged 11 per cent and seven per cent respectively in Sao Paulo. JBS, the world’s biggest meat producer, booked net revenue of 170 billion reais (US$55 billion) last year from sales in 150 countries. BRF, the largest poultry exporter, booked net revenue of 39 billion reais in 2016.

Police said they arrested three BRF employees and two from JBS in Friday’s raids, as well as 20 public officials.

JBS said in a securities filing that three of its plants and one of its employees were targeted in the probe, but its senior executives and headquarters were not targeted. The company said it followed rigorous quality standards and sanitary regulations.

BRF also said it followed industry regulations and was co-operating with authorities in the investigation.

Court documents cited recordings of BRF director Andre Luiz Baldissera allegedly discussing on March 13 how health officials could help defend the company after inspectors in Italy found traces of salmonella in four containers shipped from a plant in Goias state in central Brazil.

The ruling by federal judge Marcos Silva also included transcripts of BRF government relations executive Roney Nogueira allegedly discussing bribery of health inspectors, including one called on to help avoid the closure of the same Goias plant.

The judge also ordered that BRF vice-president Jose Roberto Pernomian Rodrigues be brought in for questioning.

Baldissera, Nogueira and Rodrigues could not be reached for comment.

Plants closed

Brazil’s agriculture ministry temporarily closed three plants cited in the investigation, one run by BRF and two run by smaller rival Grupo Peccin, and began removing their meat products from supermarkets.

Eumar Novacki, the ministry’s executive secretary, said there was some concern that other countries would begin blocking shipments of Brazilian meat. Agriculture Minister Blairo Maggi will meet on Monday with foreign ambassadors to allay concerns.

Sergio De Zen, a livestock expert at the University of Sao Paulo, said other countries may be eager to block Brazilian exports in the fiercely competitive protein market.

“But the impact will not be as big as it would be if another country had discovered this problem,” he said. “It is Brazil itself that is revealing this.”

The food industry investigation is the latest in a string of corruption probes in Brazil, as a tougher judiciary takes on cozy relations between the government and powerful businesses, backed by public outrage during a deep economic slump.

After investigations into political kickbacks on public works and oil and gas contracts, Friday’s probe struck at the heart of the booming agricultural sector, one of the few bright spots in Brazil’s economy and a major source of exports.

Police said there was evidence that meatpackers falsified documentation for exports to Europe, China and the Middle East.

Judge Silva wrote in his ruling that employees of some meatpackers, including BRF, arranged bribes and favours for inspectors ranging from political donations and favourable bank loans to small bribes including hams and other meat products.

In some cases, those inspectors would then allow employees of the meatpackers to enter government offices, access computers and issue their own export certificates, investigators said.

— Reporting for Reuters by Brad Haynes; additional reporting for Reuters by Sergio Spagnuolo in Curitiba, Pedro Fonseca in Rio de Janeiro and Guillermo Parra-Bernal, Brad Brooks and Alberto Alerigi in Sao Paulo.